The British artist Graham Sutherland, after an early career as a printmaker, takes up painting relatively late in life

PhD student Ernst Ruska completes the first TEM (Transmission Electron microscope) at the Technological University of Berlin

President Hindenburg appoints Adolf Hitler chancellor of the German republic

German chancellor Adolf Hitler orders the sterilization of carriers of hereditary mental diseases, in one of his government's first pieces of legislation

Prohibition is lifted in the USA when the Twenty-First Amendment repeals the Eighteenth, which has been in force for 13 years

The electoral campaign for a new Reichstag, demanded by Hitler, is conducted with escalating Nazi violence

Polish cryptographers succeed in breaking some of the Enigma code used by the German military

The burning of the Reichstag during the German election enables Adolf Hitler to introduce emergency measures restricting liberty

President Roosevelt gives the first of his many 'fireside chats' to the US nation on radio

Hungarian photographer Brassaï publishes his photographs of the seedier side of Paris night life in Paris de Nuit

Heinrich Himmler sets up the first Nazi concentration camp, at Dachau near Munich

The Austrian chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss suspends parliament and subsequently outlaws the Nazi party

Pablo Neruda increases his international reputation with a collection of surrealist poems, Residencia en la tierra ('Residence on earth')

Adolf Hitler puts a bill before the first meeting of the newly elected Reichstag, giving himself unrestricted powers

Gustav Krupp and his son Alfried, Germany’s main manufacturers of armaments, join the Nazi party

In My Life and Hard Times James Thurber's publishes an affectionate account of his family, including the night the bed fell on his father

Lloyd Bacon directs 42nd Street, a classic backstage movie about putting a musical comedy on Broadway

Japan announces its withdrawal from the League of Nations after a resolution is passed declaring the Japanese occupation of Manchuria illegal

Adolf Hitler passes a law forcing the 'retirement' of all Jews working in the civil service, schools and universities

A public outcry over the building of Temple House joined onto Garrick's Temple runs very high. The Council purchases the site for public recreation and demolishes the house

The fourth Hampton Court Bridge, designed by Edwin Lutyens, is opened by the Price of Wales, on 3 July 1933, who also opens Chiswick Bridge and Twickenham Bridge on the same day

The new Nazi government closes down Germany's distinguished school of modern art and architecture, the Bauhaus

Alexander Korda directs Charles Laughton in the film The Private Life of Henry VIII

Fulgencio Batista, as army chief of staff, begins a long career running the affairs of Cuba

H.G. Wells publishes The Shape of Things to Come, a novel in which he accurately predicts a renewal of world war