All Events

The Carbonari, an Italian group of revolutionaries, make their first appearance in Naples in opposition to French rule

Karageorge captures Belgrade and wins a limited independence for Serbia within the Ottoman empire

To counteract Napoleon's Continental System, Britain passes orders in council penalizing any vessel trading into French-held ports

J M W Turner, the artist, buys a plot of land in Twickenham. The site is bounded by what are now Sandycombe Road and St Margaret's Road. Turner also buys a separate plot nearby.

A Scottish clergyman, Alexander Forsyth, invents the percussion cap to help in his pursuit of wildfowl

Napoleon and the Russian tsar Alexander I meet on a raft at Tilsit and set about carving up Europe

Anglo-US tensions are heightened by a clash between the frigates Leopard and Chesapeake off the coast of Norfolk, Virginia

In Phenomenology of Spirit Friedrich Hegel interprets history as the advance of the human mind, often through thesis, antithesis and synthesis

US engineer Robert Fulton launches a steamboat, the Clermont, on New York's Hudson river

Thomas Jefferson puts an embargo on US exports, hoping to damage the economy of France and Britain

Louis-Napoleon, the future Napoleon III, is born in Paris, the son of Napoleon's brother Louis and of Josephine's daughter Hortense

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