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| c. 1994 |
| | Mullah Mohammed Omar, in Kandahar, forms a group devoted to fundamentalist Islam and calls it Taliban (meaning students of the Qur'an) | |
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| 1996 |
| | The Taliban capture Kabul, driving out rival Afghan guerrilla groups | |
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| 1996 |
| | The Taliban hang ex-president Najibullah and his brother at Kabul's major traffic intersection | |
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| 1997 |
| | Thousands of Shia Muslims are massacred by the Taliban in Mazar-e-Sharif, in a brief spell before they are driven from the city | |
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| 1998 |
| | The Taliban recapture Mazar-e-Sharif, giving them control of 90% of Afghanistan | |
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| 2001 |
| | US and UK forces launch military action against Taliban and al-Qaeda forces in Afghanistan | |
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| 2001 |
| | The Northern Alliance, the army of the Afghan resistance to the Taliban, drives the Taliban from Kabul | |
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| 2001 |
| | A month after the fall of Kabul, the Northern Alliance drives the Taliban from their power base in Kandahar | |
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| 2002 |
| | The US-led invasion of Afghanistan sweeps the Taliban from power, ending their protection of al-Qaeda | |
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| 2008 |
| | The Taliban fail in an assassination attempt on Afghan president Hamid Karzai | |
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