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| c. 1830 BC |
| | Babylon is a tiny region, about 50 miles across, when Amorites establish there the first Babylonian dynasty | |
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| c. 1750 BC |
| | Babylonian astronomers name many of the constellations and identify the planets | |
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| c. 1750 BC |
| | Priests in Babylon make loans from the temple treasure, introducing the concept of banking | |
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| c. 1750 BC |
| | The Babylonians introduce an important step in the story of arithmetic - the concept of place value in numbers | |
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| c. 1728 BC |
| | Hammurabi inherits the relatively minor kingdom of Babylon | |
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| c. 1728 BC |
| | Hammurabi begins a programme of conquest and coalition which will vastly extend the Babylonian empire | |
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| c. 1720 BC |
| | The Code of Hammurabi gives a detailed picture of Babylonian law and society | |
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| c. 1720 BC |
| | The Code of Hammurabi is the first surviving document to record the law relating to slaves | |
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| c. 1700 BC |
| | Hammurabi, in the process of winning control over the whole of Mesopotamia, conquers the northern territories of Mari and Ashur | |
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| c. 1700 BC |
| | Hammurabi destroys Mari (concealing for posterity an extraordinary cuneiform archive not discovered until 1933) | |
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