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| | | | North America |
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| c. 30,000 years ago |
| | | With the onset of the most recent Ice Age (the Holocene), layers of ice up to two miles thick blanket northern regions, causing a massive reduction in sea level | |
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| c. 15,000 years ago |
| | | The La Brea tarpit in Los Angeles shows signs of human activity in the region | |
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| c. 15,000 years ago |
| | | Archaeological evidence reveals that the central plains of north America by now have a widespread human population | |
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| 8000 BC |
| | | As the ice cap recedes, hunter-gatherers move up the eastern side of America into Newfoundland and the prairie provinces of Canada | |
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| c. 8000 BC |
| | | As temperatures warm, the sea level rises, submerging the Bering land bridge and isolating the Siberian immigrants as the aboriginal Americans | |
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| 5000 BC |
| | | Human groups adapt to the conditions of northern Canada and then Greenland, living mainly as hunters of marine mammals | |
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| 1500 BC to 1500 AD |
| | | On the grass plains of north America humans gradually hunt to extiinction several American species, including the camel, mammoth and horse | |
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| c. 1000 BC |
| | | By now the mammoth, the giant bison and the horse are all extinct in America, partly because of the warming climate and partly because of the success of humans with spears | |
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| c. 1000 BC |
| | | Burial mounds feature in the Ohio valley, built first in the Adena culture and then by Hopewell tribes | |
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| c. 981 |
| | | Eric Thorvaldsson, or Eric the Red, sails to Greenland when he is exiled from Iceland | |
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