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| | | | Latin_America |
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| 15,000 to 10,000 years ago |
| | | Hunter-gatherers gradually extend their territory far into South America | |
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| c. 5000 BC |
| | | Squash and chili are the first plants to be cultivated in America, in the Tehuácan valley in modern Mexico | |
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| c. 3000 BC |
| | | The llama and the alpaca, two south American members of the camel family, are domesticated | |
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| c. 3000 BC |
| | | Complex societies, with sophisticated temple architecture, develop at sites such as Aspero and Caral in the Norte Chico region of Peru | |
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| c. 2500 BC |
| | | At Huaca Prieta, the earliest known farming community in South America, squash, gourds and chili are cultivated | |
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| c. 2500 BC |
| | | The inhabitants of Huaca Prieta grow cotton, from which they weave a coarse cloth | |
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| c. 2000 BC |
| | | Medicine men in Peru practise trephination, cuttting holes in the skulls of brave or foolhardy patients | |
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| c. 1500 BC |
| | | The Maya are believed to have lived in the same region from about 1500 BC to the present day - America's longest example of continuity | |
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| c. 1200 BC |
| | | San Lorenzo develops as the first centre of America's earliest civilization, that of the Olmecs | |
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| c. 1000 BC |
| | | Massive stone heads carved by the Olmecs provide a dramatic beginning to the story of American sculpture | |
|  | La Venta, giant head
Photograph Beryl Pethick
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