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| | | Argentina |
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| 1776 |
| | Buenos Aires rather than Asunción is chosen to be capital of the new Spanish viceroyalty of La Plata | |
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| 1810 |
| | After a public meeting in Buenos Aires, Argentinians set up an autonomous local government in opposition to Spanish forces | |
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| 1814 |
| | José San Martín becomes commander of the patriot army of Argentina, replacing Manuel Belgrano | |
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| 1816 |
| | The independence of Argentina is formally proclaimed, dropping any pretence of remaining loyal to the Spanish king | |
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| 1820 |
| | The newly independent republic of Argentina takes possession of Las Islas Malvinas (the Falklands) | |
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| 1835 |
| | Juan Manuel de Rosas becomes dictator of Argentina and imposes a brutally repressive conservative regime | |
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| 1852 |
| | In an Argentinian civil war, Urquiza defeats the dictator Rosas and is subsequently elected president (in 1854) | |
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| 1861 |
| | At Pavón the provincial troops of Buenos Aires defeat the Argentinian national army, emphatically demonstrating the power of their city | |
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| 1866 |
| | The Argentine Rural Society is founded as the exclusive preserve of Argentina's oligarchy | |
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| 1880 |
| | Buenos Aires is finally accepted as the permanent capital city of Argentina | |
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