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1937
 
   
The Japanese use an incident at the Marco Polo Bridge, near Beijing, as the pretext for an attack on China      
1937
 
   
Japanese troops occupy Beijing – at the start of eight years of continuous war between China and Japan      
1937
 
   
The Japanese capture the Chinese capital, Nanjing, and massacre at least 300,000 inhabitants within a few weeks      
1941 December 25
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld    
Hong Kong surrenders to an invading Japanese force      
1942  February
 
     
Joseph Stilwell is appointed to head the US military mission to Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)        
1943  March 20
 
    
Mao Zedong becomes official leader of the Chinese Communist Party, as the elected Chairman of the Central Committee and the Politburo       
1949
 
     
Defeated by the Communists, Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) resigns before the final collapse of his regime        
1949
 
     
Mao Zedong, standing on the Gate of Heavenly Peace in Beijing, proclaims the new People's Republic of China        
1949
 
   
Mao Zedong's long-standing ally Zhou Enlai heads both the home and foreign departments of the new republic      
1949
 
     
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) sets up a new Republic of China in Taiwan, vowing to recapture the rest of the nation in due course