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| 1949 |
| | | The first Indo-Pakistani war ends with a Kashmir demarcation line approved by the UN but acceptable to neither state | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Defeated by the Communists, Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) resigns before the final collapse of his regime | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Jordan occupies the West Bank area of Palestine af the end of the Arab-Israeli war | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Exceptional Scythian remains are found in frozen burial mounds at Pazyryk, in the Altai region of Siberia | |
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| 1949 |
| | | The first Soviet atomic bomb, called by the Americans Joe One, is successfully tested in Kazakhstan | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Mao Zedong, standing on the Gate of Heavenly Peace in Beijing, proclaims the new People's Republic of China | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Mao Zedong's long-standing ally Zhou Enlai heads both the home and foreign departments of the new republic | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) sets up a new Republic of China in Taiwan, vowing to recapture the rest of the nation in due course | |
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| 1949 |
| | | The Dutch concede independence for Indonesia with Achmed Sukarno as president | |
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| 1949 |
| | | Batavia reverts to its original name of Jakarta and becomes the capital of Indonesia | |
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