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| 1816 |
| | | The independence of Argentina is formally proclaimed, dropping any pretence of remaining loyal to the Spanish king | |
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| 1820 |
| | | The newly independent republic of Argentina takes possession of Las Islas Malvinas (the Falklands) | |
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| 1828 |
| | | The independence of Uruguay is agreed in the Treaty of Montevideo between Brazil and Argentina | |
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| 1833 |
| | | Britain ejects the Argentinians from the Falklands and begins the process of settlement with British farmers | |
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| 1835 |
| | | Juan Manuel de Rosas becomes dictator of Argentina and imposes a brutally repressive conservative regime | |
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| 1852 |
| | | In an Argentinian civil war, Urquiza defeats the dictator Rosas and is subsequently elected president (in 1854) | |
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| 1861 |
| | | At Pavón the provincial troops of Buenos Aires defeat the Argentinian national army, emphatically demonstrating the power of their city | |
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| 1865 |
| | | The Paraguayan dictator Francisco Solano López starts a war against Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay which eventually kills more than half his population | |
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| 1866 |
| | | The Argentine Rural Society is founded as the exclusive preserve of Argentina's oligarchy | |
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| 1880 |
| | | Buenos Aires is finally accepted as the permanent capital city of Argentina | |
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