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| 1867 |
| | | The Canadian nation is called the Dominion of Canada – the first example of 'dominion status' | |
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| 1869 |
| | | The territory of the Hudson's Bay Company is transferred to the new state of Canada | |
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| 1870 |
| | | The Red River rebellion in Winnipeg (1869) prompts the creation of Manitoba as a province of Canada | |
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| 1871 |
| | | British Columbia agrees to join the Canadian confederation on the promise of a transcontinental railway | |
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| 1873 |
| | | Prince Edward Island joins the Canadian confederation, completing the first batch of Canada's provinces | |
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| 1873 |
| | | The North-West Mounted Police are formed, with the specific task of policing the wild Northwest Territories of Canada | |
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| 1890 |
| | | The Manitoba Schools Question reflects the first major clash in independent Canada between French and British interests | |
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| 1891 |
| | | Canadian athlete James Naismith, at a YMCA college in Springfield, Massachusetts, invents basketball as an indoor winter game | |
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| 1896 |
| | | Canada's first French-speaking and Roman Catholic premier, Wilfrid Laurier, wins the first of four consecutive spells as premier | |
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| 1896 |
| | | Reports of gold in what becomes known as Bonanza Creek, a tributary of the Klondike, prompt a massive gold rush into the Yukon | |
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