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| c. 450 |
| | The squinch, soon followed by the more sophisticated pendentive, proves a great boon to builders of domes | |
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| c. 535 |
| | Belisarius, conquering the Vandals in north Africa, pioneers the strategic concept of the castle | |
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| 537 |
| | The great domed church of Santa Sophia, bebuilt on the orders of Justinian, is completed after only five years of construction | |
| | Santa Sophia Fotofile CG
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| 537 |
| | The vast dome of Santa Sophia in Constantinople is supported on a square of four arches, making the most sophisticated use so far of the pendentive | |
| | Pendentive Fotofile CG
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| 607 |
| | Prince Shotoku Taishi, an enthusiastic patron of Buddhism, builds the Horyuji temple and pagoda at Nara | |
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| 691 |
| | The Dome of the Rock is completed as a Muslim shrine on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem | |
| | Jerusalem, Dome of the Rock Fotofile CG
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| c. 800 |
| | The style of architecture of early medieval Europe is Romanesque, in the sense of deriving from Roman examples | |
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| 805 |
| | Pope Leo III consecrates Charlemagne's new palace chapel in Aachen, modelled on San Vitale in Ravenna | |
| | Aachen Cathedral, Rotunda and Ambulatory Fotofile CG
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| 862 |
| | During refurbishment of the mosque at Kairouan, in north Africa, a high fluted dome is added | |
| | Kairouan Photograph Barnaby Rogerson
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| c. 900 |
| | With the end of inconoclasm, the screen between the nave and the altar sanctuary becomes covered in icons in Orthodox churches | |
| | Iconostasis, Suzdal Fotofile CG
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