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| 348 BC |
| | | The citizens of Olynthus abandon their houses, with elaborate mosaic floors, when their city is attacked by Philip of Macedon | |
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| c. 340 BC |
| | | The theatre at Epidaurus is the earliest and best surviving example of a classical Greek stage and auditorium | |
|  | Epidaurus, the theatre
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| 292 BC |
| | | The Colossus, a giant statue of Helios the sun god, is erected beside the harbour of Rhodes | |
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| 264 BC |
| | | The first gladiatorial contests in Rome are part of the entertainment at a funeral, and soon become popular | |
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| c. 250 BC |
| | | The organ, using a mechanical device to pump air through a set of musical pipes, is invented in Alexandria by Ctesibius | |
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| c. 200 BC |
| | | The Mochica develop a civilization, in the north of modern Peru, known for its realistic pottery sculpture | |
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| c. 185 BC |
| | | Plautus and Terence, in the second and third century BC, create a Roman drama based on Greek originals | |
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| c. 100 BC |
| | | A Venus is carved in marble, and centuries later becomes an ideal of female beauty after being found on the island of Milo | |
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| c. 100 BC |
| | | Hindu temple sculptors develop a sinuous and full-bodied style for the naked female form | |
|  | Khajurao
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| c. 20 BC |
| | | The excellence of the arts, particularly literature, during the reign of Augustus Caesar causes it to be remembered as a golden age of culture | |
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