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| 333 BC |
| | | At Gordium, in central Turkey, Alexander is credited with cutting the mythical Gordian Knot (identifying him as the ruler of Asia) | |
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| c. 200 BC |
| | | Cement is in use for construction in Asia Minor, possibly developed first in Pergamum | |
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| 183 BC |
| | | Hannibal, to avoid falling into Roman hands, commits suicide in the Bithynian town of Libyssa | |
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| c. 170 BC |
| | | Parchment is invented by Eumenes II, king of Pergamum, according to traditional accounts | |
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| 53 BC |
| | | Crasssus is killed at Carrhae, in Turkey, when the Parthians defeat his army, largely thanks to their brilliance as mounted archers | |
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| 53 BC |
| | | The death of Crassus at Carrhae brings to an end the first triumvirate | |
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| 47 BC |
| | | Julius Caesar leaves Alexandria to travel with his army by the land route back to Italy, through Turkey | |
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| 47 BC |
| | | Julius Caesar concludes a campaign in Asia Minor so speedily that he declares, succinctly, Veni, vidi, vici ('I came, I saw, I conquered') | |
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| 41 BC |
| | | Mark Antony summons Cleopatra to visit him in Tarsus, to answer rumours that she has been disloyal to the empire | |
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| 41 BC |
| | | Keeping her appointment with Mark Antony in Tarsus, Cleopatra arrives in a golden barge, dressed as the goddess of love – and he proves susceptible | |
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