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| 1956 |
| | | Under international pressure Britain and France agree to a humiliating withdrawal from Suez | |
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| 1958 |
| | | Egypt and Syria merge as the United Arab Republic (but disengage three years later) | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Syria withdraws from the United Arab Republic (UAR) seeing it as unacceptably dominated by Egypt | |
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| 1964 |
| | | The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is founded at a congress in East Jerusalem, then part of Jordan | |
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| 1967 |
| | | A pre-emptive air strike by Israel destroys almost all Egypt's aircraft and launches the Six-Day War | |
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| 1967 |
| | | Israel captures the Gaza Strip and Sinai peninsula from Egypt | |
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| 1969 |
| | | At a congress in Cairo, Yasser Arafat is appointed leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) | |
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| 1970 |
| | | Nasser dies of a sudden heart attack and is succeeded as Egypt's president by Anwar el-Sadat | |
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| 1973 |
| | | Egypt and Syria launch a surprise attack against Israel on Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement | |
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| 1977 |
| | | Anwar el-Sadat, the Egyptian president, travels to Jerusalem to propose a peace plan to the Israelis | |
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