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| 1936 |
| | | The Italian forces invading Ethiopia reach Addis Ababa, and Haile Selassie flees into exile | |
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| 1936 |
| | | The first volunteers in the International Brigade arrive in Spain to fight for the Republican cause in the civil war | |
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| 1937 |
| | | German planes bomb the Basque capital, Guernica, in support of the Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Congress passes a Neutrality Act, to prevent US aid being given to belligerent nations | |
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| 1937 |
| | | The Japanese use an incident at the Marco Polo Bridge, near Beijing, as the pretext for an attack on China | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Japanese troops occupy Beijing – at the start of eight years of continuous war between China and Japan | |
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| 1937 |
| | | The Japanese capture the Chinese capital, Nanjing, and massacre at least 300,000 inhabitants within a few weeks | |
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| 1938 |
| | | In Homage to Catalonia George Orwell describes his experiences fighting for the International Brigade in the Spanish Civil War | |
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| 1938 |
| | | The peace of Buenos Aires, ending the Chaco War, gives Paraguay most of the region under dispute with Bolivia | |
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| 1939 |
| | | Two million Anderson air-raid shelters are distributed to British homes, to be constructed in the garden from corrugated steel panels | |
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