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| 1920 |
| | | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is elected president of Turkey's new Grand National Assembly | |
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| 1920 August |
| | | A punitive peace treaty, negotiated at Sèvres, is designed to dismember the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1920 August 10 |
| | | The sultan of Turkey signs the Treaty of Sèvres with the Allies but it is rejected by the new nationalist government | |
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| 1922 |
| | | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk wins a long campaign to expel the Greeks, authorized by the victorious Allies to occupy western Turkey | |
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| 1922 |
| | | The nationalist government in Turkey abolishes the sultanate and the last Ottoman emperor, Mehmed VI, goes into exile | |
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| 1923 |
| | | The Treaty of Lausanne, with more favourable terms than those negotiated at Sèvres, finally brings peace between Turkey and the Allies | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Turkey becomes a republic with Atatürk as president and Ankara as its new capital | |
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| 1964 |
| | | Ayatollah Khomeini, exiled by the shah from Iran, moves first to Turkey and then makes his base in Iraq | |
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| 1974 |
| | | Turkish troops invade and occupy northeast Cyprus, causing the island to be divided for decades to come | |
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