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| 1891 |
| | | Canadian athlete James Naismith, at a YMCA college in Springfield, Massachusetts, invents basketball as an indoor winter game | |
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| 1896 |
| | | Canada's first French-speaking and Roman Catholic premier, Wilfrid Laurier, wins the first of four consecutive spells as premier | |
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| 1896 |
| | | Reports of gold in what becomes known as Bonanza Creek, a tributary of the Klondike, prompt a massive gold rush into the Yukon | |
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| 1901 |
| | | Guglielmo Marconi transmits a radio message in Morse code 2100 miles, from Poldhu in Cornwall to St John's in Newfoundland | |
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| 1905 |
| | | Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation, completing the 'prairie provinces' | |
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| 1906 |
| | | The Grain Growers' Grain Company is established, soon becoming an important element in Canada's grain market | |
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| 1906 |
| | | Roald Amundsen and his crew are the first to achieve the Northwest Passage, in a journey lasting three years in a 70-ft fishing boat | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Sea captain Joseph-Elzéar Bernier unveils a plaque in the Arctic Archipelago, declaring that all the islands belong to Canada | |
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| 1911 |
| | | Conservative leader Robert Laird Borden becomes prime minister of Canada, ending fifteen years of Liberal rule under Wilfrid Laurier | |
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| 1913 |
| | | The Canadian Arctic Expedition, led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson, sets off to the north | |
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