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| 1861 |
| | | Lagos, on the coast of Nigeria, is annexed as a British colony when the royal family prove unable or unwilling to end the slave trade | |
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| 1879 |
| | | George Goldie and British traders on the Niger form the United African Company (later the Royal Niger Company) to consolidate their interests | |
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| 1900 |
| | | The British government assumes direct responsibility for the entire region of Nigeria, previously entrusted to a commercial company | |
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| 1914 |
| | | British rule is consolidated in Nigeria by the merging of north and south as a single colony | |
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| 1958 |
| | | Nigerian dramatist Wole Soyinka's play The Swamp Dwellers is produced in London | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Niger becomes independent, with Hamani Diori as the new nation's first president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Nigeria wins independence, with Abubakar Tafawa Balewa as prime minister, but its stability is threatened by tribal and regional factions | |
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| 1967 |
| | | The Ibo of eastern Nigeria claim independence for their region – as the republic of Biafra | |
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| 1970 |
| | | The breakaway province of Biafra surrenders after three years of devastating civil war in Nigeria | |
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| 1975 |
| | | Yakubu Gowon, who united Nigeria after the Biafran war, is thrown out in a military coup | |
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