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| 1837 |
| | | Rebellions in Canada reveal widespread discontent with the British administration, particularly among the French settlers | |
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| 1839 |
| | | Lord Durham produces his Report on the Affairs of British North America, proposing reforms in the administration of Canada | |
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| 1842 |
| | | US secretary of state Daniel Webster and British negotiator Lord Ashburton resolve US-Canadian boundary disputes | |
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| 1846 |
| | | The Oregon Treaty establishes the border between Canada and the USA along the 49th parallel to the Pacific | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Vancouver Island is given the status of a British crown colony, to be followed by British Columbia in 1858 | |
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| 1859 |
| | | Frozen remains and a document are finally found to reveal the fate of the Franklin expedition of 1845 to the NorthWest Passage | |
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| 1867 |
| | | The British North America Act, acknowledging the fears of French Catholics in Canada, guarantees the rights of "dissentient schools" | |
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| 1867 |
| | | Four former colonies (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec) unite to form the new nation of Canada with Ottawa as the capital | |
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| 1867 |
| | | The Canadian nation is called the Dominion of Canada – the first example of 'dominion status' | |
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| 1869 |
| | | The territory of the Hudson's Bay Company is transferred to the new state of Canada | |
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