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1821
 
   
English poet John Keats dies in Rome at the age of twenty-five      
Protestant cemetery in Rome, engraving after Walter Severn
Mary Evans Picture Library

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1842
 
    
English author Thomas Babington Macaulay publishes a collection of stirring ballads, Lays of Ancient Rome       
Thomas Macaulay, by John Partridge, c.1853
National Portrait Gallery, London

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1848
 
    
The prime minister of the papal states, Pellegrino Rossi, is assassinated in Rome       
1848
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld    
An uprising in Rome causes Pope Pius IX to flee for safety to a coastal fortress at Gaeta      
1849
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld    
Pope Pius IX returns to Rome under the protection of French troops, with his enthusiasm for any form of change much reduced.      
1853
 
    
Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore is a success at its premiere in Rome       
1861
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld    
Victor Emmanuel II is proclaimed king of a united Italy, with only Rome and Venetia remaining outside his realm      
1870
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld     
As the result of a plebiscite, Rome and the remaining papal states are included in the kingdom of Italy       
1871
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld   
Rome becomes the capital city of the entire Italian peninsula, for the first time since the Roman empire     
1900
 
    
Giacomo Puccini's Tosca brings in the new century with a January premiere in Rome