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| 1812 |
| | | The first two cantos are published of Byron's largely autobiographical poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, bringing him immediate fame | |
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| 1812 |
| | | Napoleon begins the retreat from Moscow, in arctic conditions and harried by guerrilla attacks | |
|  | Napoleon on the retreat from Moscow, after painting by Delort
Mary Evans Picture Library
Enlarge on linked site
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| 1812 |
| | | Napoleon arrives back in Paris ahead of the remains of his army, after losing half a million men in the Russian campaign | |
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| c. 1813 |
| | | William Hedley's Puffing Billy, the first steam locomotive running on smooth rails, goes to work at Wylam colliery | |
|  | Wylam Dilly
Royal Museum of Scotland
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| 1813 |
| | | Simon Bolívar publishes the Manisfesto de Cartagena, calling on the citizens of New Granada to unite and expel the Spaniards | |
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| 1813 |
| | | The king of Prussia, Frederick William III, changes sides and declares war on France | |
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| 1813 |
| | | American forces push north into Canada and enter York (the modern Toronto), burning the parliament buildings and archives | |
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| 1813 |
| | | The Turks recapture Belgrade and sell thousands of Serb women and children into slavery | |
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| 1813 |
| | | Wellington defeats Napoleon's brother Joseph at Vitoria, and captures his valuable baggage train | |
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| c. 1813 |
| | | Quaker philanthopist Elizabeth Fry, appalled by the condition of female prisoners in London's Newgate gaol, begins campaigning on their behalf | |
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