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| | | | Brazil |
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| 1807 |
| | | The Portuguese royal family flees to Brazil on the approach of a French army led by Jean-Andoche Junot | |
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| 1808 |
| | | The Portuguese royal family and their entourage arrive in Rio de Janeiro | |
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| 1815 |
| | | Brazil is given equal standing with Portugal, forming together the Kingdom of Portugal and Brazil | |
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| 1821 |
| | | The 22-year-old Portuguese prince, Dom Pedro, is made regent of Brazil | |
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| 1822 |
| | | The Portuguese regent, Dom Pedro, proclaims the independence of Brazil and three months later is crowned emperor, as Pedro I | |
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| 1826 |
| | | Pedro I, emperor of Brazil, inherits the throne of Portugal (as Pedro IV) but continues to rule from Brazil | |
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| 1827 |
| | | Lavalleja defeats a Brazilian army at Ituzaingó, in the decisive battle for Uruguayan independence | |
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| 1831 |
| | | Pedro I abdicates in Brazil and returns to Europe to recover his Portuguese throne (as Pedro IV) | |
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| 1840 |
| | | The 14-year-old Dom Pedro, son of Pedro I, becomes emperor of Brazil as Pedro II | |
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| 1850 |
| | | Brazil, historically the world's second largest importer of slaves from Africa, finally bans the slave trade | |
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