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| | | | Canada |
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| 1660 |
| | | Louis XIV grants New France the status of a royal province and greatly increases the flow of colonists to north America | |
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| 1668 |
| | | The Jesuits establish a mission at Sault Sainte Marie which becomes the starting point for French exploration south of the Great Lakes | |
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| 1745 |
| | | New England militiamen achieve an unexpected success in capturing the fortress of Louisbourg from the French | |
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| 1756 |
| | | The French in America, under the marquis of Montcalm, begin two highly successful years of campaigning against the British | |
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| 1759 |
| | | British general James Wolfe sails up the St Lawrence river with 15,000 men to besiege Quebec | |
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| 1759 |
| | | Wolfe defeats Montcalm and captures Quebec, but both commanders die in the engagement | |
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| 1763 |
| | | In the treaty of Paris, Spain cedes Florida to Britain, completing British possession of the entire east coast of north America | |
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| c. 1783 |
| | | Some 40,000 Loyalists flee from British America to the previously French colonies, in particular Nova Scotia | |
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| 1789 |
| | | Alexander Mackenzie explores by canoe from central Canada through the Great Slave Lake to the Arctic Ocean | |
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| 1791 |
| | | The Canadian Constitution Act divides Quebec into Upper Canada (today's Ontario) and Lower Canada (today's Quebec) | |
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