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| | | | Australia and Oceania |
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| 1642 |
| | | Abel Tasman makes landfall in the Macquarie Harbour area in the island now known after him, Tasmania | |
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| 1642 |
| | | The Dutch explorer Abel Tasman attempts to land in Golden Bay, New Zealand, resulting in a clash with the Maoris | |
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| 1643 |
| | | Abel Tasman reaches yet more islands previously unknown to Europeans – Tonga and Fiji | |
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| 1709 |
| | | Alexander Selkirk, the inspiration for Robinson Crusoe, is discovered on a Pacific island where he has survived alone for nearly five years | |
|  | Fleet marriage of original Robinson Crusoe, c.1718
National Archives, Kew
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| 1722 |
| | | Easter Island is reached by the Dutch, beginning a spate of European discovery in the islands of the Pacific | |
|  | Hodges Monuments on Easter Island (detail)
National Maritime Museum
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| 1768 |
| | | Captain James Cook sails from Plymouth, in England, heading for Tahiti to observe the transit of Venus | |
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| 1769 |
| | | Captain Cook's distinguished passengers, Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander, collect valuable specimens of Pacific flora | |
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| 1769 |
| | | Captain Cook observes in Tahiti the transit of Venus, the primary purpose of his voyage to the Pacific | |
|  | Hodges Tahiti Revisited (detail)
National Maritime Museum
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| 1769 |
| | | Captain Cook reaches New Zealand and sets off to chart its entire coastline | |
|  | Hodges Dusky Bay, New Zealand (detail)
National Maritime Museum
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| 1770 |
| | | Captain Cook reaches the mainland of Australia, at a place which he names Botany Bay, and continues up the eastern coast | |
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