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| 1547 |
| | | Hungary is divided, by agreement between the Turkish sultan Suleiman I and the Habsburg ruler Ferdinand I | |
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| 1556 |
| | | Charles V abdicates, handing the Netherlands and Spain to his son Philip and the title of Holy Roman emperor to his brother Ferdinand | |
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| 1556 |
| | | The division by Charles V of his territories means that there are now two Habsburg empires, Austrian and Spanish | |
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| 1680 |
| | | Feudal labour laws demanding corvée (compulsory unpaid labour) are imposed by the Habsburgs on the Czech peasants of Bohemia | |
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| 1683 |
| | | The emperor, Leopold I, and his court abandon Vienna on the approach of a Turkish army | |
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| 1683 |
| | | The Turks are driven from the walls of Vienna by the Polish king John Sobieski, in what proves a historic turning point | |
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| 1687 |
| | | The Hungarian diet grants the Habsburg dynasty in Austria a hereditary right to the crown of St Stephen | |
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| 1701 |
| | | The War of the Spanish Succession breaks out between French and Austrian claimants to the Spanish throne | |
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| 1714 |
| | | In the aftermath of the War of the Spanish Succession, the Spanish Netherlands are transferred to Austria | |
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| 1716 |
| | | The Habsburg emperor Charles VI has a son, but the child dies within the year | |
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