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| 1492 |
| | | The world's first globe is published by Martin Behaim without showing America, in the very year of Columbus' voyage | |
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| 1492 |
| | | After sailing for five weeks from the Canaries, Columbus and the Pinzón brothers step ashore in the Bahamas | |
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| 1492 |
| | | Columbus and his fellow explorers make landfall on the largest of the Caribbean islands, Cuba | |
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| 1493 |
| | | On Topa's death his son Huayna Capac succeeds to the throne as Inca emperor | |
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| 1494 |
| | | In negotiations about the New World at Tordesillas, the king of Portugal insists on a new demarcation line which later brings him Brazil | |
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| 1496 |
| | | Diego Columbus, brother of the explorer, establishes the first secure Spanish colony at Santo Domingo | |
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| 1497 |
| | | Henry VII commissions the Italian navigator John Cabot to cross the Atlantic in search of new territories for England | |
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| 1497 |
| | | John Cabot, searching for a trade route to China, probably reaches Newfoundland | |
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| c. 1500 |
| | | Even the remote city of Machu Picchu, on its peak above the jungle, is built in the massively precise Inca style of masonry | |
|  | Machu Picchu
Photograph Josceline Dimbleby
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| c. 1500 |
| | | The female mamakuna and the male yanakuna are selected in childhood to serve the Inca state | |
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