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| c. 1450 |
| | | The massive architecture of the Incas, consisting of finely dressed irregular blocks of stone, becomes a feature of Cuzco | |
|  | Masonry in Cuzco
Photograph Josceline Dimbleby
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| c. 1450 |
| | | The most sacred of the Inca divinities, Punchao, is symbolized by a great golden disc representing the sun | |
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| 1463 |
| | | The Chimu empire in Peru is conquered by the Incas under the leadership of Pachacuti's son Topa | |
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| 1471 |
| | | Topa succeeds his father, Pachacuti, as emperor of the Incas | |
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| 1487 |
| | | When the enlarged pyramid at Tenochtitlan is dedicated to Huitzilopochtli, the Aztec sacrifice of human victims lasts for four days | |
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| 1487 |
| | | The Inca empire is extended to the north and a second capital is established at Quito | |
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| 1492 |
| | | The world's first globe is published by Martin Behaim without showing America, in the very year of Columbus' voyage | |
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| 1492 |
| | | After sailing for five weeks from the Canaries, Columbus and the Pinzón brothers step ashore in the Bahamas | |
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| 1492 |
| | | Columbus and his fellow explorers make landfall on the largest of the Caribbean islands, Cuba | |
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| 1493 |
| | | On Topa's death his son Huayna Capac succeeds to the throne as Inca emperor | |
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