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| 1430 |
| | | Joan of Arc is captured in a skirmish with the Burgundians, who subsequently hand her over to the English | |
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| 1431 |
| | | Joan of Arc, tried by the Inquisition on behalf of the English in Rouen, is burned at the stake as a relapsed heretic | |
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| 1438 |
| | | After a decisive victory over the Chanca people, a young Inca prince seizes the throne in Peru and takes the name Pachacuti | |
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| 1443 |
| | | The Hungarian general Janos Hunyadi takes Sofia from the Turks and in the next few months liberates most of Bulgaria, Serbia and Albania | |
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| 1453 |
| | | The Turks terrify Constantinople by lobbing vast stones at the city from a 19-ton bombard of cast iron | |
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| 1453 |
| | | Constantinople falls to a 21-year-old Muslim conqueror, Mehmed II, bringing the Ottoman Turks their capital city | |
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| 1453 |
| | | The Christian emperor Constantine XI dies in the fighting in Constantinople, as the Greek Byzantine empire yields to that of the Ottoman Turks | |
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| 1453 |
| | | The French win a convincing victory at Castillon, recovering the last stronghold (except Calais) held by the English in France | |
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| 1453 |
| | | Charles VII's full recovery of Aquitaine and Normandy effectively brings to an end the Hundred Years' War | |
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| 1455 |
| | | An engagement at St Albans is the first battle in the 30-year struggle between the white and red roses of York and Lancaster | |
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