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| 1144 |
| | | The fall of Edessa prompts the pope, Eugenius III, to call for a second crusade to defend the Latin kingdom | |
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| 1187 |
| | | Saladin captures various Crusader fortresses and walled cities, including Acre | |
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| 1187 |
| | | Saladin takes Jerusalem and treats the Christian inhabitants with a consideration unusual for the time | |
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| 1263 |
| | | A Scottish victory over the Norwegians at Largs results in the recovery of the western isles | |
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| c. 1270 |
| | | The Assassins are systematically destroyed by Baybars, the Mameluke sultan of Egypt | |
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| 1274 |
| | | The Mongol invasion of Japan in 1274 seems to confirm the doom and disaster foretold by the Buddhist prophet Nichiren | |
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| 1278 |
| | | At Dürnkrut Rudolf I defeats and kills Otakar II, his rival for Austria - thus bringing the Austrian territories into the Habsburg domain | |
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| 1279 |
| | | With the fall of Hangzhou, the Song imperial capital, Kublai Khan's new Yüan dynasty is secure | |
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| 1281 |
| | | For the second time Japan is saved from Mongol invasion by powerful storms - which are given the name kamikaze, or 'divine wind' | |
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| 1282 |
| | | An uprising by Llewellyn ap Gruffydd, the prince of Wales, ends with his own death and the subjugation of Wales by the king of England, Edward I | |
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