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| 52 BC |
| | | The Celtic leader Vercingetorix inflicts an unaccustomed defeat on Julius Caesar, at Gergovia, but is captured later in the year | |
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| 52 BC |
| | | In his winter quarters Julius Caesar writes The Gallic War, an account of his own achievements in suppressing the Gauls | |
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| 177 |
| | | On the order of Marcus Aurelius, Christians in Lyons are tortured to death - an instance of persecution unusual at this time | |
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| 314 |
| | | Warming to his new Christian role, Constantine summons more than 300 bishops to Arles to discuss the controversial issue of Donatus | |
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| 360 |
| | | St Martin founds the first monastery in western Europe, at Ligugé near Poitiers | |
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| 406 |
| | | The Vandals cross the Rhine into Gaul and move into Spain, from which the Visigoths soon push them on into Africa | |
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| 407 |
| | | The Roman city of Nîmes is sacked by the Vandals, in an early indication of the gradual loss of Gaul to the Germanic tribes | |
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| 413 |
| | | The Burgundians cross the Rhine and settle round Worms, before moving south to the Savoy region | |
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| 418 |
| | | The Visigoths, after twenty years of destructive wandering, settle in southwest France as Roman federates | |
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| 451 |
| | | Attila and the Huns invade Gaul but are defeated, somewhere near Troyes, by a Roman army supported by Visigoths and Burgundians | |
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