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| | | | Conquest and Colonization |
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| -868 BC |
| | | Ashburbanipal II extracts tribute from the cities of Phoenicia, beginning a period of Assyrian domination of the region | |
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| c. -850 BC |
| | | Citium, in Cyprus, is the first of many Phoenician colonies in the Mediterranean | |
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| c. -814 BC |
| | | The traditional date of the founding of Carthage (supposedly by the mythical queen Dido, but in practice by Phoenicians) | |
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| 722 BC |
| | | The Assyrians overwhelm the north of Israel and the ten northern tribes vanish from history - the majority of them probably dispersed or sold into slavery | |
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| c. 700 BC |
| | | The island of Sicily is colonized from the eastern Mediterranean by both Phoenicians and Greeks | |
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| 689 BC |
| | | The Assyrian king, Sennacherib, destroys with great brutality the city of Babylon | |
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| c. 667 BC |
| | | Byzantium (the future Constantinople) is founded as a colony of Megara, a Greek city-state | |
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| 663 BC |
| | | The Egyptian city of Memphis falls to an Assyrian army, soon to be followed by Thebes | |
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| 612 BC |
| | | The Medes and the Babylonians destroy Nineveh and bring to an end the power of Assyria | |
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| 586 BC |
| | | After a long siege Jerusalem is taken by Nebuchadnezzar and the city, including Solomon's Temple, is destroyed | |
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