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| c. 2.5 million years ago |
| | | The earliest known chipped stone tools are made by hominids at Gona, in the Awash Valley in Ethiopia, close to the region where Ardi and Lucy lived many millennia earler | |
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| c. 2.2 million years ago |
| | | Creatures of the genus Homo, classified as early modern humans, are living in east Africa | |
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| c. 2.2 to 1.4 million years ago |
| | | Homo Habilis, the earliest widely acknowledged species in the genus Homo, lives in East Africa with a brain size much greater than the contemporary Australopithecus Boisei | |
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| c. 1.85 million years ago |
| | | A hominid, nicknamed Twiggy and thought to be in the species Homo habilis, is living in East Africa | |
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| c. 1.8 million years ago |
| | | A species of human in east Africa, Homo erectus, is probably the first identifiable ancestor of modern man | |
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| c. 1.7 million years ago |
| | | Homo erectus, moves out of Africa and begins to spread through Europe and Asia | |
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| 1.6 million years ago |
| | | A Homo erectus boy, aged about ten, lives near Lake Turkana in Kenya and dies at Nariokotome | |
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| c. 1.6 million years ago |
| | | Humans in coastal areas of South Africa extend their diet to include shellfish and other marine sources of food | |
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| c. 800,000 years ago |
| | | The last common ancestor of modern humans and Neanderthals evolves in Africa (possibly the species known as Homo Rhodesiensis) | |
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| c. 500,000 years ago |
| | | Fire is used in China by Peking man, and may have been in use much earlier in Africa | |
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