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1991
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld    
Multiparty elections in Zambia result in a massive defeat for the long-serving president, Kenneth Kaunda      
1991
 
   
The Soviet region of Chechnya proclaims its independence from the USSR, calling itself the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria      
1991
 
 
Gong Li plays a concubine of a Chinese warlord in Raise the Red Lantern, directed by Zhang Yimou    
1991
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld    
A new party, the Islamic Salvation Front, seems certain to win the Algerian election – until the army intervenes      
1991
 
    
Three Soviet republics (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus) declare independence, leading to the formal disbanding of the USSR       
1991
 
    
A treaty signed in the Netherlands town of Maastricht establishes the European Union and prepares for the introduction of the euro       
1991
 
   
Paul Keating becomes prime minister of Australia after a Labor party leadership contest against Bob Hawke      
1991
 
   
Eight more Soviet Socialist republics vote to join the three founder members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)      
1991
 
   
Kurds in northern Iraq achieves a measure of autonomy in a safe haven imposed by the UN      
1991
 
    
Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as president of the defunct USSR, handing power to Boris Yeltsin as president of the new Russian republic