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| 478 BC |
| | | Representatives of Athens and other Aegean city-states meet in Delos to form a coalition, later known as the Delian League | |
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| 478 BC |
| | | The Delian League is formed for mutual defence, but also to liberate the Greek cities of Ionia from Persian rule | |
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| 477 BC |
| | | A life-size bronze of a racing chariot, with its driver and horses, is presented to Delphi to commemorate a victory in the games | |
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| 472 BC |
| | | The Olympic games are extended to five days, the first and last of which are taken up with religious ceremonies | |
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| c. 470 BC |
| | | Vardhamana, an Indian prince, leaves home to live as a beggar - at the start of the Jain religion | |
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| 468 BC |
| | | Sophocles wins the prize for tragedy in Athens, defeating Aeschylus in the competition | |
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| c. 466 BC |
| | | The Athenian general Cimon wins a spectacular victory over the Persians at the mouth of the Eurymedon River, in southwest Turkey | |
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| c. 465 BC |
| | | Pericles is one of a radical group in Athens, eager to curb the reactionaries controlling the Areopagus, and hostile to Sparta | |
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| 464 BC |
| | | An earthquake in Sparta leads to an uprising by the helots, who take up a defensive position on Mount Ithome | |
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| 463 BC |
| | | Sparta appeals to its allies for help against the helots, and Athens - against the wishes of Pericles and his group - sends an army | |
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