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| 1988 |
| | | The Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev announces that Soviet troops will leave Afghanistan, handing victory to the mujaheddin | |
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| 1988 |
| | | The Iran-Iraq war ends with the border between the countries unchanged and more than a million dead | |
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| 1989 |
| | | The USSR completes the phased withdrawal of its troops from Aghanistan | |
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| 1990 |
| | | Iraqi troops cross the border into Kuwait and are soon in control of the whole country and its oil wells | |
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| 1990 |
| | | Saddam Hussein announces the annexation of Kuwait, claiming it to have been historically part of Iraq | |
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| 1991 |
| | | The Gulf War begins when Iraq fails to meet the UN deadline for withdrawal from Kuwait | |
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| 1991 |
| | | With all Iraqi troops expelled from Kuwait by Allied tanks, President Bush declares a ceasefire in the Gulf War | |
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| 1991 |
| | | Another cease-fire in Angola's bitter civil war brings another brief period of peace | |
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| 1991 |
| | | Morocco and the Polisario end hostilities on the understanding that there will be a referendum in the Western Sahara | |
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| 1991 |
| | | Civil war in Somalia topples the Marxist dictator Mohamed Siad Barre | |
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