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| | | | Battles |
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| 1241 |
| | | Mongols of the Golden Horde defeat the Poles at Legnica and ravage the city of Cracow | |
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| 1260 |
| | | At Ayn Jalut, near Nazareth, the Egyptian Mamelukes defeat the Mongol army of Hulagu - the first military setback for the Mongols | |
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| 1263 |
| | | A Scottish victory over the Norwegians at Largs results in the recovery of the western isles | |
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| 1264 |
| | | Simon de Montfort, leading the barons in rebellion, captures Henry III and his son Edward at Lewes | |
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| 1265 |
| | | Prince Edward, escaping from captivity, defeats and kills Simon de Montfort at Evesham | |
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| 1297 |
| | | William Wallace's victory over the English at Stirling Bridge enables him to rule Scotland on behalf of John de Balliol | |
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| 1298 |
| | | Edward I's victory at Falkirk ends the career of William Wallace, of whom nothing more is heard until his capture and execution in 1305 | |
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| 1314 |
| | | After years of guerilla warfare, Robert de Bruce defeats the English conclusively at Bannockburn - and becomes at last secure in his kingdom | |
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| 1315 |
| | | The Swiss, defeating the Habsburgs at Morgarten, make lethal use of their halberds - designed to jab, grapple and slash | |
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| 1346 |
| | | The more mobile English force, of longbows and infantry, defeats at Crécy the unwieldy crossbows and heavy cavalry of the French | |
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