|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minoans practise trephination |
|
c. -2500 |
|
| Trephined skull Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Galen learns surgery by repairing gladiators' wounds |
|
157 |
|
| Fatally wounded gladiator Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Barbers practise part-time surgery |
|
c. 1250 |
|
| Bleeding a woman Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Arabs invent ingenious bloodletting device |
|
1315 |
|
| Measuring instrument used in bloodletting Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
John of Arderne devises operation for anal fistula |
|
1376 |
|
| John of Arderne's operation for anal fistula Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Military surgeons write first vernacular textbooks |
|
c. 1500 |
|
| Surgeon treating a man with a chest wound Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Paré pioneers new treatment of wounds |
|
1537 |
|
| Amputating a leg Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Barber-Surgeons' Company formed |
|
1540 |
|
| Fixing a dislocated leg Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Andreas Vesalius publishes De humani corporis fabrica |
|
1555 |
|
| Title page, De humani corporis fabrica Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Jean Louis Petit invents screw tourniquet |
|
c. 1720 |
|
| Amputation at mid- thigh Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Surgeons separate from barbers |
|
1743 |
|
| Blood-letting in style Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Jacques Daviel performs first cataract extraction |
|
1747 |
|
| Eye surgeon operating on a restrained patient Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Surgeons receive academic training |
|
c. 1820 |
|
| Trephination operation Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Burke and Hare |
|
1828 |
|
| Execution of William Burke Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Warren operates using anaesthesia |
|
1846 |
|
|
|
|
Joseph Lister invents antisepsis |
|
1865 |
|
| Victoria Ward, King's College Hospital Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Surgeons adopt aseptic techniques |
|
c. 1875 |
|
| Operating theatre at the National Hospital, Queen Square, London Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Robert Lawson Tait operates for ruptured ectopic pregnancy |
|
1883 |
|
| Foetus in Fallopian tube, 1719 Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Gillies pioneers plastic surgery |
|
1916 |
|
| Plastic surgery during the First World War Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Walter Freeman develops 'ice-pick lobotomy' |
|
1936 |
|
| Watts-Freeman lobotomy instruments Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Joseph Murray performs first kidney transplant |
|
1954 |
|
|
|
|
Charnley pioneers joint replacement |
|
1962 |
|
| Total knee replacement Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
Coronary bypass surgery |
|
1964 |
|
| Coronary artery bypass graft Wellcome Photo Library
|
|
|
First heart transplant |
|
1967 |
|
|
|
|
Development of day-case surgery |
|
c. 1990 |
|
| Anaesthetist in the operating theatre Wellcome Library, London
|
|
|
|
|