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More than 5000 entries on the history, culture and life of Britain (published in 1993 by Macmillan, now out of print)
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Shorthorn
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(also called Durham)
One of the earliest strains of cattle to have been improved by selection within a breed. Charles and Robert Colling, two brothers farming in county Durham, developed their herd of local cattle by selective breeding in the late 18C. Shorthorns were the first breed to have their own herdbook, begun in 1822. They are familiar now in many countries of the world and are found with any combination of white and red markings. The strain was bred originally to combine good beef and milking characteristics.
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