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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BRITAIN
 
  More than 5000 entries on the history, culture and life of Britain (published in 1993 by Macmillan, now out of print)

 
More than 5000 entries on the history, culture and life of Britain (published in 1993 by Macmillan, now out of print)
Scotland

(land area 77,097sq.km/29,767sq.m, population 5 million in 1991)
The mainland of *Great Britain north of a line from the Solway Firth in the west to the mouth of the Tweed on the east, together with three major island groups, the *Hebrides, *Orkneys and *Shetlands. The mainland was to a large extent unified by the *Scots in the 9C; the islands remained for several more centuries under Scandinavian control. *Edinburgh emerged as the capital city in the mid-15C. Scotland became linked with England in two stages, by the *union of the crowns in 1603 and the Act of *Union in 1707. Since 1885 the country has been administered by the *Scottish Office. In recent decades there has been fluctuating pressure for *devolution, which was finally achieved with reestablishment of a Scottish parliament in Edinburgh in 1999.
 








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